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Daily Archives: July 14, 2023
動物有靈魂嗎?
By TC Lo (盧天賜) (傳道書3:21) 說,「誰知道人的靈是往上升、獸的魂是下入地呢?」動物有靈魂嗎?但想不到在約伯記中,我卻連想到一個可能合理的答案。 義人約伯擁有七個兒子和三個女兒 (1:2),並許多多的牲畜, 其數目是: 七千羊、三千駱駝、五百對牛、五百母驢(1:3)。但他受到上帝的試練,在一天之內,失去這一切 (1:16, 18)。然而,在這不能想像的浩劫中,我們看到上帝用恩典補償他:「耶和華賜給他的、比他從前所有的加倍 (42:10)。」信實的耶和華定意成就祂的應許,「這樣、耶和華後來賜福給約伯、比先前更多.他有一萬四千羊、六千駱駝、一千對牛、一千母驢 (42:12),」剛剛是先前數目的兩倍。但值得注意的是:上帝並沒有再賜約伯十四個兒子,和六個女兒;只補償他七個兒子和三個女兒,如以前的一樣。為什麼會這樣呢? 約伯本來有的兒女,雖然死亡了,但並沒有失落,因為他們的靈魂已經「往上升」了,生命仍然存在。所以現在約伯也有了雙倍的孩子,一半在天上,一半在地上,成就了上帝對約伯的承諾。這樣看來,由上帝賜牲畜給約伯的數目,就暗示了動物是沒有靈魂的。我相信動物之死是如燈滅。我們都𠄘認,吃人肉是非常恐怖的。但人是可以吃動物的肉而無良心不安之感。甚至在挪亞出方舟之後,聖經明文允許我們可吃動物的肉的。彼得所見的異象也表明「凡物皆潔」的原則。 再者,在傳道書3:21中,人用「靈」,獸用「魂」作描述,也表示兩者不能混為一談。我甚至認為動物沒有思想和意志。貓狗之所以能表現出來的「似人行動或感情」,這只不過是上帝賜予它們為了生存的天性或本能 (instinct) 而矣。當獸死時,它們的本能也化為烏有,「下入地」而被埋葬了。
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